Like other fruits that contain pectin, plums promote the excretion of radioactive substances.

Plums have a positive effect on the liver in non-infectious hepatitis, improve the condition of patients with atherosclerosis (promote the excretion of cholesterol) and hypertension, accelerate the removal of excess water and salt from the body.

Like other fruits that contain pectins, plums promote the excretion of radioactive substances. Plum pulp is used to make a combined preparation of cauliflower, which is used as a laxative. Fresh bark is used in homeopathy.

Fig tree (fig, fig tree). (Ficus carica)

Monoecious or dioecious deciduous subtropical plant with milk juice of the mulberry family. In the wild, the fig tree is a kugi, or low tree, in culture - a large tree (up to 15 m tall) with thick, weakly branched branches. The leaves are large, alternate, long-petiolate, cordate, 3-5-lobed in shape (depending on the variety of leaves may be of a different shape). The flowers are small, inconspicuous, located inside the fleshy hollow inflorescence-syconia with a narrow hole at the top.

There are types of flowers:

Long-column flowers are formed in inflorescences, which in the process of development turn into large juicy figs. Male and head flowers are formed in inflorescences that are smaller and always remain solid (they form pollen and develop wasps blastophages, adult females which pollinate long-column flowers).

In wild fig plants, both types of inflorescences are contained on the same tree, in most cultivated - on different trees. There are many varieties in which the fetus develops without pollination - parthenogenetically. Fruits - nuts contained inside the fleshy fruit - figs. It blooms in April - May. The fruits ripen in July - August.

Spread. In the wild, the fig tree grows in the Mediterranean, Asia Minor and South Asia (in the CIS it is found in the Caucasus and Central Asia). In the Crimea, the fig tree is cultivated as a fruit plant. Procurement and storage.

For medicinal purposes, use the fruits, which are collected in the period of full maturity and eaten fresh or dried, and fig leaves (Roiia Risi sagisae). The leaves are harvested without petioles in June - July and dried in the shade, spreading a thin layer. 20% of dry leaves are obtained.

Chemical composition. Dried figs contain 50-70% sugars, 5% pectin, 4-6% protein, fats (1.3%), organic acids (up to 1%), anthocyanin glycosides, mucus, vitamins Bp B2, B6, C, PP, pantothenic and folic acid, carotene, proteolytic enzyme ficin and minerals (potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron).

The leaves of the plant contain furocoumarins psoralen and bergapten, tannins and resinous substances, organic acids, rutin (0.1%), ascorbic acid (up to 300 mg%) and essential oil.

Pharmacological properties and uses. Figs have a mild laxative effect and are used for chronic constipation. As a disinfectant and emollient, the fetus is used for bronchitis, severe cough and pneumonia, externally, in the form of rinses - for sore throat and pharyngitis.

As a dietary product lab report writing service, figs are recommended for thrombo-embolic and cardiovascular diseases, anemia, to improve digestion, debilitated people and in geriatric practice.

The use of figs is contraindicated in patients with diabetes mellitus, acute inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, uric acid diathesis. Milk juice of the plant is used in folk medicine for warts, in experimental conditions, it delays the growth of sarcoma, has a detrimental effect on helminths.

From the leaves of the fig tree make the drug psoberan, which is prescribed for vitiligo and nest baldness. In folk medicine, the infusion of the leaves is given orally for coughs, bronchial asthma, enteritis and enterocolitis, kidney disease.

01/11/2012

Origin and use of fruit and berry plants. Abstract

The abstract provides information about such fruit and berry plants as fig, pomegranate, grapes, olive

Fig

The broad, notched leaves of the fig, or fig tree, are strikingly diverse. On one branch it can be five-bladed, on another branch of the same tree - three-bladed or even whole, sometimes half a meter in size.

It is no coincidence that this cultivated plant is mentioned in the Bible first after the Tree of Life and the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil, because it has been known since ancient times. And was sung by the great Homer! In the "Odyssey" we see a fig in the fairy garden of Alcino. And in order for his father to recognize Odysseus after returning home, the hero had to remind his father of his gifts - forty figs and other fruit trees, each of which had its own name ("Odyssey" 7 and 24 songs).

Thus Homer testified that in the tenth and twelfth centuries BC the fig was already a common plant on the warm shores of the Aegean and Ionian seas. More than three thousand years ago it was brought to Europe from Egypt or Arabia. Ancient botanist Theophrastus in the IV century. BC confirmed that the Greeks revered fig trees and even gave names to the best of them ... Infertile plants were removed by ancient gardeners. Thanks to purposeful selection, many different varieties of figs have been bred, which give birth from the beginning of summer until the winter.

The dense shade of this tree, as well as the shade of plane trees, is highly valued in the East; saying that someone is sitting under a fig tree, they mean his peace of mind, a peaceful state. Seeing Nathanael under a fig tree, Christ later called him to his doctrine, and he became one of the apostles.

We say: barren fig, barren fig tree. We do not find this directly in the Bible; a common allegory is based on the story of the evangelist Mark (11: 13-21). And quite accurate! After all, unpretentious figs give birth every year; its juicy, pear-like fruits grow in the axils of the leaves without any sign of flowering. This phenomenon has long amazed, misleading even the great scientist, plant expert, author of the classic work "System of Nature" by Carl Linnaeus, until botany in the nineteenth century. did not find an explanation for it. The fact is that pollination and seed formation in figs is hidden, and the fruit itself can grow without it. Thus, only an insignificant fig tree that did not fulfill its purpose could be barren.

In the Bible, the fig tree often stands next to the grape, because both of these plants were part of the "big seven" that provided prosperity, prosperity and peace. Therefore, the destruction of fig trees was one of God's greatest punishments: "I will gather them to the ground, saith the Lord: there shall be no berries in their vineyards, nor figs in their fig tree, but their leaves shall wither" ( Jeremiah 8:13).

Figs, according to biblical custom, are adjacent to grapes. The same biblical fruits are mentioned in Taras Shevchenko's poem "The Great Cellar" in the confession about the happy past:

They also have healing properties. This is also reflected in the Bible: the prophet Isaiah ordered a bandage of figs to be applied to the sick place - and healed King Hezekiah ... And now we receive sensational reports about the effective antitumor effect of biblical fruits - ordinary figs.

If you get to the warm shores of the Crimea or the Caucasus in the spring, do not forget to bring a young sprig of figs. Plant it in a simple ceramic pot with good soil and water daily. The branch will definitely take root and in two years will grow on the windowsill into a beautiful tree. And near each leaf, without any flower, there will be these mysterious greenish figs. If the first summer does not bear fruit, you can still feel like Adam or Eve in the Garden of Eden, because you will have enough fig leaves!

Garnet

Round fruits on the tips of elastic shoots, full of juicy faceted seeds, as well as red, like blood, pomegranate flowers have long been a model for figurative comparisons. "Your lips are like a crimson thread, your lips are red, like a part of a pomegranate - your temple is behind your haze!" Among the ornaments of the Lord's temple built by Solomon, the copper casting of pomegranate fruits attracts attention.

And today the pomegranate remains a kind of measure of beauty, its flower-strewn bushes symbolize eternal life. The forms of fruits and bells-flowers, completed by the artist's imagination, are found in interior decoration and decorative fabrics. "The Color of the Pomegranate" is what Sergei Parajanov called one of his best films.

The pomegranate fruit brought by Moses' spies was to convince the Israelites of the riches of the land of Canaan; therefore, they valued these fruits as much as grapes. Although the pomegranate was not one of the main food crops, like the fig tree or the date palm, it was considered an indicator of well-being along with other G7 plants. Countless berries under a bright skin were revered as a symbol of fertility.

You can't bring tender grenades with oxen or even horses. Therefore, in Ukraine in the middle of the XIX century they were rare and expensive hotels. According to folklore, these are apples from the paradise tree, which grows in the distant overseas iriya, where geese-swans fly away for the whole winter. Such fame of a pomegranate was reflected in naive "pictures" - paintings and embroideries, the heroine of which is the bird Fire. A peacock-like bird, sitting on an amazing golden tree, feasts on these fabulous apples - as in the poem by Igor Kalynets:

With the advent of the era of railways and steamships, "apples of paradise" began to appear in abundance in the markets of Eastern Europe. But, in fact, the culture of pomegranate in Ukraine has never advanced beyond the Crimea, except for indoor pomegranate, very similar to the usual, but with small leaves, flowers and fruits. This dwarf tree has recently spread to our cities, enriching the collections of houseplants. But, perhaps, the rapid warming of the coming climate encourages large "apples of paradise" to move to the banks of the Dnieper? ..

Grape

Why grapes belonged to such an important place in the life of ancient peoples, it is easy to understand, remembering that they lacked most of the familiar fruits, berries and vegetables.